What is Music Therapy?

After reading this article, I hope you’ll be able to answer the question: “What is music therapy?”

A board-certified music therapist (MT-BC) develops and implements music-based interventions to meet needs in physical, social, cognitive, and emotional functioning.

To become an MT-BC, a therapist must complete an AMTA-approved academic program. This includes training in musicianship, psychology, physiology, and music therapy techniques. Students also complete 1,200 hours of supervised clinical experience before taking the board certification exam.

Music Therapy Defined

Music therapy is an allied health profession—distinct from medicine, dentistry, nursing, and optometry—where clinicians use music to support therapeutic change. Other allied health fields include physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology, and art therapy.

Music therapists implement music-based interventions designed to help clients meet a variety of goals, including:

  • Physical goals

  • Social goals

  • Communicative goals

  • Emotional goals

  • Cognitive or academic goals

According to the American Music Therapy Association, music therapy can:

  • Promote wellness

  • Manage stress

  • Alleviate pain

  • Express feelings

  • Enhance memory

  • Improve communication

  • Promote physical rehabilitation

Key Characteristics

Music therapy often uses live music because it allows for flexibility and interaction. A music therapist must therefore be a highly skilled musician with a strong background in:

  • Psychology and counseling

  • Clinical techniques

  • Knowledge of diseases and disabilities

  • Multiple music therapy approaches

Where Music Therapists Work

  • Hospitals (including pediatric hospitals)

  • School systems

  • Psychiatric hospitals

  • Prisons and forensic settings

  • Nursing homes

  • Rehab centers

  • Veteran’s hospitals

  • Private practice

To become a Music Therapist–Board Certified (MT-BC), one must:

  • Complete the required coursework

  • Finish 1,200 hours of clinical training (typically through internship)

  • Pass the board certification exam